Comparative evaluation of nephroprotective potential of resveratrol and piperine on nephrotic BALB/c mice

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the nephroprotective potential of resveratrol and piperine at same dose on cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA) induced immune complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) in BALB/c mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female BALB/c mice were divided into five groups. Group I served as normal control (complete Freund's adjuvant + Saline). Two weeks later, Groups II, III, IV, and V were administered cBSA (13 mg/kg) via the caudal vein 3 times/week every alternative day for 6 weeks to induce ICGN. Simultaneously, from the 3rd week, Groups III, IV were treated with resveratrol and piperine up to 6 weeks. Group V was treated with methylprednisolone considered as a reference standard. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in albuminuria, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen in Group IV animals when compared with Group III. In addition, Group III and IV have comparable results with cBSA treated animals. Concurrently, same groups showed significantly comparable variance in antioxidant enzymes, phagocytic index, and neutrophil adhesion assay. Group IV found to be more significant in IgG1 reduction than Group III. CONCLUSION The findings of this study well-demonstrated that piperine has potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity than resveratrol; therefore, piperine needs special attention in autoimmunity and inflammation research.